Raws li kev vam meej zuj zus, lub zog xav tau los txhawb peb txoj kev ua neej nce ntxiv txhua hnub, xav kom peb nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab thiab tshiab los siv peb cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, xws li hnub ci, tsim kom muaj zog ntxiv rau peb lub neej kom vam meej.
Lub hnub ci tau muab thiab ua kom muaj sia nyob hauv peb lub ntiaj teb rau ntau pua xyoo.Txawm hais tias ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj, lub hnub tso cai rau cov tiam ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw paub lub zog xws li fossil fuels, hydro, cua, biomass, thiab lwm yam.Raws li kev vam meej loj hlob, lub zog xav tau kev txhawb nqa. peb txoj kev ua neej nce ntxiv txhua hnub, xav kom peb nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab thiab tshiab los siv peb cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, xws li hnub ci, tsim kom muaj zog ntxiv rau peb lub zej zog kom muaj kev vam meej.
Raws li nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no thaum ub peb muaj peev xwm ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci zog, siv lub hnub ci raws li ib tug lub zog lub hauv paus chiv keeb nyob rau hauv lub tsev tsim ntau tshaj 6,000 xyoo dhau los, los ntawm orienting lub tsev kom lub hnub ci dhau los ntawm qhov qhib uas ua raws li ib tug ntawm cov cua sov. Ntau txhiab xyoo tom qab, cov neeg Iyiv thiab Greeks tau siv tib txoj kev los ua kom lawv lub tsev txias thaum lub caij ntuj sov los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm lub hnub [1] .Lub qhov rais loj loj siv los ua lub hnub ci thermal qhov rais, tso cua sov los ntawm lub hnub nkag mus rau hauv tab sis ntxiab. Cov cua sov sab hauv.Tshav ntuj tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov cua sov uas nws tsim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thaum ub, tab sis nws kuj tau siv los khaws thiab khaws cov zaub mov los ntawm ntsev.In salinization, lub hnub yog siv los evaporate cov dej hiav txwv lom thiab tau txais ntsev, uas yog sau. Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci pas dej ua ke [1].Nyob rau hauv lub lig Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci tau npaj thawj daim ntawv thov ntawm concave daim iav hnub ci concentrators li dej rhaub, thiab tom qab ntawd Leonardo kuj tau npaj lub tshuab vuam copp.er siv lub hnub ci hluav taws xob thiab tso cai rau kev daws teeb meem los khiav cov tshuab textile [1].Sai sai thaum lub sij hawm Industrial Revolution, W. Adams tsim dab tsi tam sim no hu ua lub hnub ci qhov cub.Qhov cub no muaj yim symmetrical silver iav tsom iav uas tsim ib lub octagonal reflector.Sunlight yog concentrated los ntawm iav rau hauv ib lub iav-them ntoo thawv qhov twg lub lauj kaub yuav muab tso thiab cia nws boil [1]. Ceev ceev rau pem hauv ntej ob peb puas xyoo thiab lub hnub ci chav cav tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm 1882 [1] .Abel Pifre siv lub iav concave 3.5 m nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla thiab tsom nws rau ntawm lub cylindrical chav boiler uas tsim kom muaj zog txaus los tsav lub tshuab luam ntawv.
Nyob rau hauv 2004, lub ntiaj teb thawj coj mus muag concentrated hnub ci fais fab nroj tsuag hu ua Planta Solar 10 tau tsim nyob rau hauv Seville, Spain.Sunlight yog reflected mus rau ib tug pej thuam ntawm kwv yees li 624 meters, qhov twg lub hnub ci receivers tau nruab nrog chav turbines thiab generators.Qhov no muaj peev xwm ntawm generating lub zog. kom muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua 5,500 lub tsev. Yuav luag ib xyoo caum tom qab, xyoo 2014, lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws hnub ci fais fab nroj tsuag tau qhib nyob rau hauv California, USA.Cov nroj tsuag siv ntau tshaj 300,000 iav tswj thiab tso cai rau zus tau tej cov 377 megawatts ntawm hluav taws xob rau lub hwj chim kwv yees li 140,000 lub tsev [ 1].
Tsis yog tsuas yog cov chaw tsim khoom tsim thiab siv, tab sis cov neeg siv khoom hauv cov khw muag khoom kuj tseem tsim cov thev naus laus zis tshiab.Solar panels tau ua lawv qhov kev tshwm sim, thiab txawm tias lub hnub ci tsheb tau los ua si, tab sis ib qho ntawm cov kev tsim kho tshiab tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm yog hnub ci tshiab- powered wearable technology.Los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm USB kev sib txuas lossis lwm yam khoom siv, nws tso cai rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khaub ncaws mus rau cov khoom siv xws li cov chaw, xov tooj thiab pob ntseg mloog, uas tuaj yeem them rau ntawm kev mus.Tsuas yog ob peb xyoos dhau los, ib pab neeg tshawb fawb Nyij Pooj ntawm Riken Lub koom haum thiab Torah Industries tau piav qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm nyias cov organic solar cell uas yuav tshav kub-luam khaub ncaws mus rau cov khaub ncaws, tso cai rau lub cell kom nqus tau lub hnub ci zog thiab siv los ua lub hwj chim [2]].Micro solar cells yog cov organic photovoltaic cells nrog thermal ruaj khov thiab yoog mus txog 120 ° C [2] .Cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg tshawb fawb raws li cov organic photovoltaic hlwb ntawm cov khoom hu ua PNTz4T [3] .PNTz4T yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconducting yav dhau los tsim los ntawm Riken rau kev ua haujlwm zoo heev.Vironmental stability thiab siab zog conversion efficiency, ces ob sab ntawm tes yog them nrog elastomer, ib yam khoom zoo li roj hmab [3] .Hauv cov txheej txheem, lawv siv ob pre-stretched 500-micron-thick acrylic elastomers uas tso cai rau lub teeb nkag mus. lub cell tab sis tiv thaiv dej thiab huab cua los ntawm lub cell.Kev siv cov elastomer no pab txo qhov degradation ntawm lub roj teeb nws tus kheej thiab ua kom nws lub neej ntev [3].
Ib qho ntawm cov kev lag luam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsis zoo yog dej.Qhov degeneration ntawm cov hlwb tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam, tab sis qhov loj tshaj yog dej, cov yeeb ncuab ntawm ib qho kev siv tshuab.Txhua qhov dej noo ntau dhau thiab qhov ntev ntawm huab cua tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm. ntawm cov organic photovoltaic hlwb [4].Thaum koj tuaj yeem zam tsis tau dej hauv koj lub computer lossis xov tooj feem ntau, koj tsis tuaj yeem zam nws nrog koj cov khaub ncaws.Txawm tias nws los nag lossis lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, dej yog inevitable.Tom qab ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub free-standing organic photovoltaic cell thiab ob-sided coated organic photovoltaic cell, ob qho tib si organic photovoltaic hlwb tau immersed nyob rau hauv dej rau 120 feeb, nws tau xaus lus tias lub hwj chim ntawm lub free-standing organic photovoltaic cell yog lub conversion efficiency tsuas yog txo los ntawm 5.4% Cells txo los ntawm 20.8% [5].
Daim duab 1. normalized zog conversion efficiency raws li ib tug muaj nuj nqi ntawm immersion lub sij hawm.Qhov yuam kev bars ntawm daim duab sawv cev rau tus qauv deviation normalized los ntawm qhov txhais tau tias ntawm thawj lub hwj chim conversion efficiency nyob rau hauv txhua tus qauv [5].
Daim duab 2 qhia txog lwm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Nottingham Trent University, lub hnub ci me me uas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib lub xov paj, uas yog tom qab ntawd woven rau hauv textile [2].Txhua lub roj teeb uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom ua tau raws li qee yam kev siv, xws li cov kev cai ntawm 3 hli ntev thiab 1.5 hli dav[2].Txhua chav tsev yog laminated nrog cov dej tsis muaj dej kom cov ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua hauv chav ntxhua khaub ncaws lossis vim huab cua [2].Cov roj teeb kuj raug kho kom haum rau kev nplij siab, thiab txhua tus yog mounted hauv ib Txoj kev uas tsis protrude los yog irritate tus neeg hnav daim tawv nqaij.Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntxiv nws tau pom tias nyob rau hauv ib daim me me ntawm cov khaub ncaws zoo ib yam li ib tug 5cm ^ 2 seem ntawm cov ntaub muaj peev xwm tsuas muaj ntau tshaj 200 hlwb, lub hom phiaj tsim 2.5 - 10 volts ntawm lub zog, thiab xaus lus tias tsuas muaj 2000 lub hlwb Cells yuav tsum tau them cov xov tooj smartphones [2].
Daim duab 2. Micro solar cells 3 hli ntev thiab 1.5 hli dav (duab duab los ntawm Nottingham Trent University) [2].
Photovoltaic fabrics fuse ob lub teeb yuag thiab tsis tshua muaj nqi polymers los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob.Qhov thib ib ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus yog lub hnub ci micro cell, uas khaws lub zog ntawm lub hnub ci, thiab qhov thib ob muaj lub nanogenerator, uas hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob. 6].Lub photovoltaic ib feem ntawm cov ntaub muaj cov polymer fibers, uas yog ces coated nrog txheej ntawm manganese, zinc oxide (ib photovoltaic khoom), thiab tooj liab iodide (rau nqi sau) [6].Lub hlwb yog ces woven ua ke nrog. ib tug me me tooj liab hlau thiab integrated rau hauv lub tsoos tsho.
Cov ntaub ntawv zais cia tom qab cov kev tsim kho tshiab no yog nyob rau hauv cov pob tshab electrodes ntawm cov khoom siv photovoltaic hloov tau yooj yim.Transparent conductive electrodes yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom ntawm photovoltaic hlwb uas tso cai rau lub teeb nkag mus rau hauv lub cell, nce lub teeb sau tus nqi.Indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) yog siv. los tsim cov pob tshab electrodes, uas yog siv rau nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws pob tshab (> 80%) thiab cov ntawv zoo ua haujlwm nrog rau kev ruaj ntseg ib puag ncig zoo [7].Lub ITO tseem ceeb heev vim tias tag nrho nws cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhov ze-zoo meej proportions. thickness ua ke nrog transparency thiab kuj maximizes cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov electrodes [7] .Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov piv yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov electrodes thiab yog li qhov kev ua tau zoo.Piv txwv li, nce lub thickness ntawm electrode txo cov pob tshab thiab tsis kam, ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, ITO yog ib qho kev siv nyiaj tsawg uas tau siv sai sai. Kev tshawb fawb tau txuas ntxiv mus nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev uas tsis tsuas yog ua tiav.ITO, tab sis xav tias yuav dhau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm ITO [7].
Cov ntaub ntawv xws li polymer substrates uas tau hloov kho nrog pob tshab conductive oxides tau loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tam sim no.Hmoov tsis zoo, cov substrates no tau pom tias yog nkig, tawv thiab hnyav, uas txo qis kev yooj yim thiab kev ua tau zoo [7]. siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li lub hnub ci hloov pauv raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv.Ib lub roj teeb fiber ntau muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ob lub xov hlau sib txawv uas sib tw thiab ua ke nrog cov khoom siv los hloov cov electrode [7].Solar cells tau pom cov lus cog tseg vim lawv lub teeb yuag. , tab sis qhov teeb meem yog qhov tsis muaj qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm cov hlau hlau, uas txo qhov chaw sib cuag thiab yog li ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm photovoltaic [7].
Ib puag ncig tej yam tseem ceeb kuj yog ib qho kev txhawb siab loj rau kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv.Tam sim no, lub ntiaj teb tso siab ntau rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis txuas ntxiv xws li fossil fuels, thee thiab roj.Shifting lub hom phiaj los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis txuas ntxiv mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, suav nrog hnub ci zog, yog qhov tsim nyog peev rau yav tom ntej.Txhua hnub ntau lab tus tib neeg them lawv lub xov tooj, khoos phis tawj, laptops, smartwatches thiab txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab siv peb cov ntaub los them cov khoom siv no tsuas yog taug kev tuaj yeem txo peb txoj kev siv fossil fuels.Thaum qhov no yuav zoo li tsis tseem ceeb ntawm ib qho me me ntawm 1 lossis 500 tus neeg, thaum ntsuas txog li kaum lab nws tuaj yeem txo peb cov roj fossil.
Hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci fais fab nroj tsuag, nrog rau cov mounted rau sab saum toj ntawm lub tsev, paub tias yuav pab tau siv lub zog tauj dua tshiab thiab txo kev siv fossil fuels, uas tseem siv ntau heev.America.Ib qho teeb meem loj rau kev lag luam yog tau txais av rau. Tsim cov liaj teb no.Ib tsev neeg nruab nrab tsuas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qee lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, thiab cov hnub ci ua liaj ua teb tsuas yog txwv.Hauv thaj chaw uas muaj qhov chaw txaus, feem ntau cov tib neeg yeej ib txwm tsis kam tsim lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tshiab vim tias nws mus tas li kaw qhov ua tau. thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm lwm txoj hauv kev hauv av, xws li kev lag luam tshiab.Muaj ntau qhov kev teeb tsa photovoltaic vaj huam sib luag uas tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob ntau tsis ntev los no, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog cov nqi txo [8]. av tsis yog siv, tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev teeb tsa cov nqi rau saum cov tsev thiab cov tsev.Tag nrho cov tam sim no paub floating hnub ci ua liaj ua teb nyob rau hauv cov dej dag, thiab yav tom ntej nws kuvmuaj peev xwm muab cov liaj teb no tso rau hauv cov dej ntuj.Artificial reservoirs muaj ntau yam zoo uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv [9].Man-made reservoirs yog ib qho yooj yim los tswj, thiab nrog rau yav dhau los infrastructure thiab txoj kev, ua liaj ua teb yuav yooj yim raug ntsia.Floating solar farms kuj tau pom tias yuav ua tau ntau tshaj li. av-raws li hnub ci ua liaj ua teb vim qhov kub hloov pauv ntawm dej thiab av [9] .Vim cov dej kub tshwj xeeb, qhov kub ntawm cov av feem ntau siab dua li cov dej hauv lub cev, thiab qhov kub siab tau pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag hloov pauv.Thaum qhov kub tsis tswj lub hnub ci ntau npaum li cas lub vaj huam sib luag tau txais, nws cuam tshuam ntau npaum li cas lub zog koj tau txais los ntawm lub hnub ci.Thaum lub zog qis (piv txwv li, txias dua), cov hluav taws xob hauv lub hnub ci yuav nyob hauv lub xeev so, thiab tom qab ntawd thaum tshav ntuj hits, lawv yuav ncav cuag lub xeev zoo siab [10] .Qhov txawv ntawm lub xeev so thiab lub xeev zoo siab yog ntau npaum li cas lub zog yog generated nyob rau hauv voltage.Tsis tsuas yog sunlig.ht excite cov electrons, tab sis yog li ntawd muaj peev xwm ua kom sov.Yog hais tias lub tshav kub nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag energizes lub electrons thiab muab tso rau hauv ib tug tsawg txaus siab lub xeev, lub voltage yuav tsis loj npaum li thaum tshav ntuj hits lub vaj huam sib luag [10].Vim av absorbs thiab emits. Thaum tshav kub kub yooj yim dua dej, cov electrons nyob rau hauv ib lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nyob rau hauv av yog zoo li yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug siab dua lub xeev, thiab ces lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nyob rau hauv los yog ze ntawm lub cev ntawm cov dej uas txias dua. cov dej nyob ib ncig ntawm lub floating panels pab tsim 12.5% lub zog ntau dua nyob rau hauv av [9].
Txog tam sim no, lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsuas yog 1% ntawm Asmeskas cov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog, tab sis yog tias cov hnub ci ua liaj ua teb tau cog rau txog li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg tsim cov dej reservoirs, lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yuav ua tau ze li ntawm 10% ntawm Asmeskas lub zog xav tau. Hauv Colorado, qhov chaw ntab cov vaj huam sib luag tau qhia sai li sai tau, ob lub pas dej loj hauv Colorado tau poob dej ntau vim evaporation, tab sis los ntawm kev txhim kho cov vaj huam sib luag ntab, cov reservoirs tau tiv thaiv kom qhuav tawm thiab hluav taws xob tau tsim [11].Txawm ib feem ntawm cov txiv neej. -ua reservoir nruab nrog hnub ci ua liaj ua teb yuav txaus los tsim tsawg kawg 400 gigawatts ntawm hluav taws xob, txaus rau lub hwj chim 44 billion LED teeb qhov muag teev rau ntau tshaj ib xyoos.
Daim duab 4a qhia txog lub zog nce ntxiv los ntawm cov hnub ci hnub ci uas muaj feem xyuam rau daim duab 4b.Thaum muaj ob peb lub hnub ci hnub ci ua liaj ua teb nyob rau xyoo kaum xyoo dhau los, lawv tseem ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, thaum lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag floating. ua ntau dua, tag nrho lub zog tsim tau hais tias triple los ntawm 0.5TW hauv 2018 txog 1.1TW thaum kawg ntawm 2022.[12].
Kev hais lus ib puag ncig, cov hnub ci hnub ci ntab no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ntau txoj hauv kev.Ntxiv rau txo kev cia siab rau cov fossil fuels, hnub ci ua liaj ua teb kuj txo cov huab cua thiab hnub ci mus txog qhov dej saum npoo av, uas tuaj yeem pab hloov pauv huab cua [9]. ua liaj ua teb uas txo cua ceev thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj los tsoo cov dej saum npoo av los ntawm tsawg kawg yog 10% yuav offset ib xyoo caum ntawm lub ntiaj teb no warming [9].Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm biodiversity thiab ecology, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj loj tshwm sim tshwm sim.Cov panels tiv thaiv cua siab. kev ua si ntawm cov dej saum npoo av, yog li txo qhov kev yaig ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, tiv thaiv thiab txhawb cov nroj tsuag.[13].Tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim meej txog seb lub neej hauv hiav txwv puas cuam tshuam, tab sis kev ntsuas xws li lub plhaub ntim bio-hut tsim los ntawm Ecocean muaj tau submerged nyob rau hauv photovoltaic panels los muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa marine lub neej.photovoltaic panels nyob rau hauv dej qhib es tsis yog neeg tsim reservoirs.Raws li tsawg tshav ntuj nkag mus rau hauv cov dej, nws ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm photosynthesis, uas ua rau ib tug loj heev poob ntawm phytoplankton thiab macrophytes. Nrog rau qhov txo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, muaj feem xyuam rau cov tsiaj. qis dua hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab lwm yam, ua rau cov nyiaj pab rau cov kab mob hauv dej [14] .Txawm tias nws tseem tsis tau tshwm sim, qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxiv rau ecosystem, qhov teeb meem loj ntawm cov hnub ci hnub ci.
Txij li lub hnub yog peb lub zog loj tshaj plaws, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj nrhiav txoj hauv kev los siv lub zog no thiab siv nws hauv peb cov zej zog. Cov technologies tshiab thiab kev tsim kho tshiab muaj nyob rau txhua hnub ua rau qhov no ua tau.Txawm tias tsis muaj ntau lub hnub ci siv cov ris tsho hnav. mus yuav los yog ntab hnub ci ua liaj ua teb tuaj xyuas tam sim no, qhov ntawd tsis hloov qhov tseeb tias lub tshuab tsis muaj peev xwm loj lossis lub neej yav tom ntej.Floating solar cells muaj txoj hauv kev ntev mus rau qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov tsiaj qus kom zoo li qub. hnub ci vaj huam sib luag rau saum lub tsev.Wearable solar cells muaj txoj hauv kev mus ntev ua ntej lawv ua ntau yam xws li cov khaub ncaws uas peb hnav txhua hnub.Nyob rau yav tom ntej, cov hnub ci hnub ci yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau muab zais ntawm peb. khaub ncaws.As thev naus laus zis tau nce mus rau ntau xyoo tom ntej, lub peev xwm ntawm kev lag luam hnub ci yog qhov kawg.
Hais txog Raj Shah Dr. Raj Shah yog tus thawj coj ntawm Koehler Instrument Company hauv New York, qhov chaw uas nws tau ua haujlwm tau 27 xyoo.Nws yog ib tus phooj ywg raug xaiv los ntawm nws cov npoj yaig ntawm IChemE, CMI, STLE, AIC, NLGI, INSMTC, Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Physics, Institute of Energy Research thiab Royal Society of Chemistry.ASTM Eagle Award tau txais Dr. Shah tsis ntev los no co-edited the bestselling "Fuels and Lubricants Handbook," cov ntsiab lus muaj nyob rau hauv ASTM's Long Awaited Roj thiab Lubricants Phau Ntawv, 2nd Edition - Lub Xya hli ntuj 15, 2020 - David Phillips - Petro Kev Lag Luam Xov Xwm Xov Xwm - Petro Online (petro-online.com)
Dr. Shah tuav PhD hauv Chemical Engineering los ntawm Penn State University thiab tus khub ntawm Chartered School of Management, London.Nws kuj yog ib tug Chartered Scientist ntawm Scientific Council, ib tug Chartered Petroleum Engineer ntawm lub zog lub koom haum thiab ib tug UK Engineering Council.Dr.Shah tsis ntev los no tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm Tus Kws Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij los ntawm Tau beta Pi, lub koom haum engineering loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas.Nws yog nyob rau ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas ntawm Farmingdale University (Mechanical Technology), Auburn University (Tribology), thiab Stony Brook University (Chemical Engineering / Materials Science thiab Engineering).
Raj yog ib tug kws tshaj lij nyob rau hauv Department of Materials Science thiab Chemical Engineering ntawm SUNY Stony Brook, tau luam tawm ntau tshaj 475 cov khoom thiab tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub zog teb rau ntau tshaj 3 xyoos.Ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Raj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm Koehler Instrument Company Tus Thawj Coj raug xaiv los ua ib tus khub ntawm International Institute of Physics Petro Online (petro-online.com)
Ms. Mariz Baslious thiab Mr. Blerim Gashi yog chemical engineering cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm SUNY, thiab Dr. Raj Shah yog tus thawj coj hauv tsev kawm ntawv lub rooj sab laj sab nrauv.Mariz thiab Blerim yog ib feem ntawm kev xyaum ua haujlwm loj hlob ntawm Koehler Instrument, Inc. hauv Holtzville, NY, uas txhawb cov tub ntxhais kawm kom kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog lub ntiaj teb ntawm lwm txoj kev siv hluav taws xob.
Post lub sij hawm: Feb-12-2022
